Management: The Lasting Legacy of the Modern Quality Giants | 2. As Quality Magazine celebrates its 5. Certainly there have been many quality gurus who have left their mark on industry and society as a whole. This article focuses on six people, three of whom I am proud to say that I have known professionally and personally, who had a profound impact on the quality movement. Subconsciously, I may have placed these luminaries in priority order so this list maybe one- sided and can be argued from various perspectives.
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As the author, I have taken some liberties but many experts will likely concur with those appearing here but the order may change, depending on individual experiences. Walter A. Shewhart (1.
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Walter Andrew Shewhart was a giant among giants in the quality movement during the first half of the 2. While working for Western Electric located in Hawthorne, IL, his groundbreaking work focused on reduction of variation and charts.
His work altered the course of industrial history, led a quality revolution and launched the quality profession. Shewhart defined the problem of process variability in terms of assignable and chance causes. On May 1. 6, 1. 92. Shewhart prepared a memorandum of less than one page in length and forwarded to his manager, George Edwards, who later became the first president of American Society for Quality Control. This memorandum set forth the essential principles of controlling variation through the application of control charts. Shewhart’s principle was that bringing a process into a state of statistical control would allow the distinction between assignable and chance cause variations. By keeping the process in control, it would be possible to predict future output and to economically manage processes.
This was the birth of the modern scientific study of process control. Shewhart has often been referred to as the father of statistical process control. In 1. 93. 1, he published his watershed work, “Economist Control of Quality of Manufactured Product.” It challenged the inspection- based approach to quality and introduced the modern era of quality management. Up until this time, statistical process control was largely a Bell Telephone quality tool. Shewhart’s book, however, popularized statistical control and its use then spread throughout industry. From the 1. 93. 0s forward, Shewhart’s interests expanded from industrial quality to wider concerns in science and statistical inference.
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Shewhart was at the core of a group of people who were destined to become famous in their time. This group included Harold Dodge and Harry Romig, known for their work on product sampling plans. Joseph M. Juran worked at the Hawthorne Plant and Bell Laboratories for several years and worked closely with Shewhart. W. Edwards Deming worked as an intern at the Hawthorne Plant where he became interested in Shewhart’s work. Shewhart and Deming had a long relationship of collaboration.
Deming continued to champion Shewhart’s ideas, methodologies and theories throughout his career. While working with Japan, Deming further developed some of Shewhart’s methodological proposals of scientific inference, which had been named the Shewhart Cycle and was represented by the plan- do- check- act elements. During the 1. 99. Shewhart’s work was rediscovered by a new generation of industrial engineers and managers, and this time these concepts were repackaged and incorporated into the Six Sigma approach. Shewhart believed that statistical theory should serve the needs of industry and society as a whole. He challenged the norms of his day and showed manufacturers a better way that revolutionized industry.
As Quality Magazine celebrates its 50th anniversary, we take a look at some of the quality gurus who have made a significant impact on the world through. Katz- Graduate School of Business - Pittsburgh/ USA Strategic Management Coffee Shop Industry - A Strategic Analysis March 14 th 2007.
Shewhart has often been referred to as the father of statistical quality control because he brought together the disciplines of statistics, engineering and economics. Upon his death in 1. An excerpt from a speech by the chairman of the committee that awarded the first ASQ Shewhart Medal captured Shewhart’s character in the follow words: “Shewhart’s legacy lives in mementos of him- a simple bowl and some numbered chips, a bronze medal, some books and writings. It lives in the succession of other prominent individuals he influenced, and it lives in the society of professionals who carry on the work he started.” Joseph M.
Juran (1. 90. 4- 2. Joseph Moses Juran had a profound impact on not only the lives of countless individuals, but on nations of the world as he spread the gospel of total quality. No other person was able to capture the essence of quality as a total effort.
Juran has been called the father of quality and referred to as the greatest quality giant of the 2. Perhaps, more importantly, he is recognized as the person who influenced the addition of the human dimension to quality, broadening it from its statistical origin to the more comprehensive total quality management. Juran pushed for the education and training of managers. His thought was that human relations problems were the ones to isolate and resolve. Resistance to change was more cultural and the root cause of quality problems. My personal exposure to Juran began with one of his articles more than 3. As a young quality engineer, I was part of team charged with bringing to my company unique quality approaches.
Juran consented to visit with our senior management and share his thoughts. I had the privilege of meeting him during one of his visits, and after more than 3.
I was able to meet Juran on other occasions, but during our first meeting I was inspired to sustain a career in quality and become involved in American Society for Quality. Through a journey of studying and learning about quality from a variety of people, I became a Juranite- a disciple of his theories and practioner of his principles on quality. He did not just teach statistics. In fact, he did not think of himself as a statistician, but more dedicated to the total quality approach. Through Juran’s influence it became evident that the human side of quality was just as important as the technical side. Juran’s life is like a Horatio Alger story. His humble start in life gave no indication to the success and notoriety he would achieve during his life.
In 1. 92. 4 he accepted a position in the inspection group at Western Electric, a division of AT& T, in Hawthorne, IL. He rose to inspection division chief in just five years. During this time he wrote the first known text on statistical quality control- and the ancestor of today’s widely used “Western Electric Statistical Quality Control Handbook.”Little did he know at the time the decision to work at Western Electric would set him off on a more than 7. He would work with a virtual “who’s who” in quality. People such as George Edwards, Harold Dodge, Harry Romig and Walter Shewhart were instrumental in shaping his ideas and his future. During World War II, Juran served the Department of Defense (Do. D) as assistant administrator of the Lend- Lease Program.
After the war he did not go back to Western Electric but went forward to create history and a legacy for generations of quality professionals. In 1. 94. 6 Juran, along with several other notables, founded the American Society for Quality Control. He developed what has been called the foremost influential course on quality. His “managing for quality” has been taught to thousands of people in almost every country of the world. In 1. 95. 4 he conducted seminars for Japan’s senior and middle managers, explaining the roles they had to play in promoting quality.
Juran was invited back many times and his teachings were so inspirational to the Japanese people that a temple was named in his honor. He also was honored with Japan’s highest award that can be given to a non- Japanese, the Order of the Sacred Treasure. It was awarded in recognition of his contribution to “the development of quality control in Japan and the facilitation of U. S. and Japanese friendship.”Juran’s process of developing ideas was gradual. Top management involvement, the Pareto principle (which could easily have been named the Juran principle), the need for widespread quality training, the definition of quality, the Juran Trilogy, the project- by- project approach to improvement- these are some of the ideas for which he is best known and all emerged gradually. The first edition of his classic book, the “Quality Control Handbook,” first released in 1. The 6th edition was recently released with much acclaim.) His handbook is still widely considered to be the bible on quality and was instrumental in becoming core elements in the body of knowledge for ASQ certified quality engineers.
Juran founded the Juran Institute in 1. It was through this institute that the widely acclaimed video series “Juran on Quality Improvement” was produced. He continued to deliver exceptional contributions well into his 9. He played a part in development of the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, which has led a revolution of organizational improvement.
Like Shewhart, much of Juran’s work was rediscovered by engineers and managers in the 1. His principles of improvement coming project- by- project led by trained facilitators and leaders were incorporated into the Six Sigma approach.
Juran was one of those rare individuals whose collective work spans generations to make a sustained impact on society. His groundbreaking work in quality management and leadership was the catalyst that transformed industries. Shortly before his death Juran said, “My job of contributing to the welfare of my fellow man is my great unfinished business.” He is truly missed and it is doubtful there will be anyone who will soon follow in his footsteps. Juran was truly the “architect of quality.”William Edwards Deming (1.
W. Edwards Deming was an American statistician, author, lecturer, professor and management consultant. Perhaps he is best known for his work in Japan after World War II when the Department of Defense (Do. D) asked his help in the rebuilding of their industries.